Bincike da haɓaka dimethyldiethoxysilane

Gabaɗaya bayani na guduro silicone ana amfani da shi azaman ainihin polymer na rufin zafi mai jurewa, rufin yanayi da kayan rufin wuta mai zafi.

1.2 juyin fasaha na resin silicone

Daga cikin kowane nau'in polymers na siliki, resin silicone wani nau'in samfurin silicone ne wanda aka haɗa kuma ana amfani dashi da wuri. Idan aka kwatanta da haɓakar saurin haɓakar fasahar sabunta ƙirar roba ta siliki, haɓakar fasaha na resin silicone yana da ɗan jinkiri, kuma manyan ci gaban fasaha kaɗan ne. Tun kimanin shekaru 20 da suka wuce, saboda ci gaban fasaha na polymers heterocyclic zafi-resistant, wasu daga cikinsu an fara amfani da su a fannin resin silicone. Koyaya, ɗumbin ƙarfi da matsanancin yanayin warkewa na polymers heterocyclic zafi mai jurewa sun iyakance aikace-aikacen su. A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, mutane sun fara ba da hankali ga bincike da ci gaba da resin silicone. Gudun silicone yana da kewayon zafin jiki mai faɗi da juriya na tsufa. Ayyukan aiki da aikin tabbatar da danshi na hydrophobic suna da kyau da sauran fa'idodi masu ban sha'awa, akwai alamun cewa resin silicone na iya samun sararin ci gaba mai girma a nan gaba.

2. General silicone guduro

2.1 samar da tsari na janar silicone guduro

Daban-daban na silicones suna da nau'ikan albarkatun ƙasa daban-daban da hanyoyin roba. A cikin wannan takarda, ana gabatar da tsarin samar da nau'ikan resin silicone da yawa kawai.

2.1.1 methyl silicone

2.2.1.1 kira na methylsilicon guduro daga methylchlorosilane

Methylsilicones an haɗa su tare da methylchlorosilane a matsayin babban albarkatun ƙasa. Saboda daban-daban tsarin da abun da ke ciki na silicones (matsakaicin crosslinking digiri na silicones, watau [CH3] / [Si] darajar), daban-daban kira yanayi ake bukata.

Lokacin da low R / Si ([CH3] / [Si] ≈ 1.0) methyl silicone guduro aka hada, da hydrolysis da condensation dauki gudun babban albarkatun kasa monomers methyltrichlorosilane ne quite sauri, da dauki zazzabi dole ne a tsananin sarrafawa a cikin 0 ℃. , da kuma dauki ya kamata a za'ayi a cikin wani fili mai narkewa, da kuma lokacin ajiya na dauki samfurin a dakin zafin jiki ne kawai 'yan kwanaki. Irin wannan samfurin yana da ɗan ƙima mai amfani.

A cikin kira na R / Si methylsilicon guduro, methyltrichlorosilane da dimethyldichlorosilane ana amfani. Ko da yake da hydrolytic condensation dauki na cakuda methyltrichlorosilane da dimethyldichlorosilane ne dan kadan a hankali fiye da na methyltrichlorosilane shi kadai, da hydrolytic condensation dauki gudun na methyltrichlorosilane da dimethyldichlorosilane ne ma daban-daban, wanda aka sau da yawa lalacewa ta hanyar hydrolytic condensation na methyltrichlorosilane. A hydrolyzate bai dace da rabo na biyu monomers, da kuma methyl chlorosilane ne sau da yawa hydrolyzed don samar da gida crosslinking gel, haifar da matalauta m Properties na methyl silicone guduro samu daga hydrolysis na uku monomer.

2.2.1.2 kira na methylsilicon daga methylalkoxysilane

Ana iya sarrafa ƙimar haɓakar hydrolysis na methylalkoxysilane ta hanyar canza yanayin halayen. An fara daga methylalkoxysilane, methylsilicon resin tare da digiri daban-daban na crosslinking na iya haɗawa.

methylsilicones na kasuwanci tare da matsakaicin digiri na crosslinking ([CH3] / [Si] ≈ 1.2-1.5) an shirya su ta hanyar hydrolysis da condensation na methylalkoxysilane. A monomers na methyltriethoxysilane da dimethyldiethoxysilane mai ladabi ta deacidification suna gauraye da ruwa, kara da gano hydrochloric acid ko dace adadin karfi acid cation guduro musanya resin (catalysis sakamako na macroporous karfi acid ion guduro musanya shi ne mafi alhẽri), da kuma rayuwa. Yin amfani da yumbu na jima'i (bushe bayan acidification) ana amfani dashi azaman mai kara kuzari, mai zafi da hydrolyzed. Lokacin da ƙarshen ƙarshen ya kai, ƙara daidai adadin hexamethyldisilazane don kawar da mai kara kuzari hydrochloric acid, ko tace guduro musanya ion ko yumbu mai aiki da aka yi amfani da shi azaman mai kara kuzari don kawo ƙarshen yanayin daɗaɗɗa. Samfurin da aka samu shine maganin barasa na guduro methylsilicon.

2.2.2 methyl phenyl silicone

Babban albarkatun da masana'antu ke samarwa na methylphenyl silicone guduro sune methyltrichlorosilane, dimethyldichlorosilane, Phenyltrichlorosilane da Diphenyldichlorosilane. Wasu ko duk na sama monomers an ƙara da ƙarfi toluene ko xylene, gauraye daidai gwargwado, jefa cikin ruwa a karkashin tashin hankali, zafin jiki sarrafa ga hydrolysis dauki, da HCl (hydrochloric acid aqueous bayani), da ta-samfurin dauki, an cire. ta hanyar wanke ruwa. Ana samun maganin silicone da aka yi amfani da shi, sa'an nan kuma a fitar da wani ɓangare na ƙauyen don samar da barasa na silicone, sa'an nan kuma an shirya resin silicone ta hanyar sanyi mai sanyi ko zafi mai zafi, kuma ana samun resin silicone da aka gama ta hanyar tacewa da marufi.

2.2.3 manufa ta gaba ɗaya methyl phenyl vinyl silicone resin da abubuwan da ke da alaƙa

Tsarin samar da methyl phenyl vinyl silicone resin yana kama da na methyl phenyl silicone resin, sai dai cewa ban da methyl chlorosilane da phenyl chlorosilane monomers, adadin da ya dace na methyl vinyl dichlorosilane da sauran vinyl dauke da silicone monomers ana kara su a cikin hydrolysis raw. kayan aiki. A cakuda monomers aka hydrolyzed, wanke da mayar da hankali don samun mayar da hankali hydrolyzed silanol, ƙara karfe Organic acid gishiri kara kuzari, decompressing zafi zuwa predefined danko, ko sarrafa condensation dauki karshen batu bisa ga gelation lokaci, da kuma shirya methyl phenyl vinyl silicone guduro.

Methylphenyl hydropolysiloxane, wanda aka yi amfani da shi azaman bangaren crosslinker ban da amsawar methylphenyl vinyl silicone resin, yawanci zobe ne ko polymer na layi tare da ƙaramin digiri na polymerization. Ana samar da su ta hanyar hydrolysis da cyclization na methylhydrodichlorosilane, ko ta CO hydrolysis da condensation na methylhydrodichlorosilane, Phenyltrichlorosilane da trimethylchlorosilane.

2.2.4 silicone da aka gyara

Samar da haɗawa da gyare-gyaren guduro na silicone tare da resin Organic yawanci yawanci a cikin toluene ko xylene bayani na methylphenyl silicone guduro, ƙara alkyd guduro, phenolic guduro, acrylic guduro da sauran Organic resins, cikakken hadawa a ko'ina don samun ƙãre samfurin.

An shirya resin silicone da aka gyara ta hanyar jerin halayen sinadarai. A Organic resins cewa za a iya copolymerized da silicone hada da polyester, epoxy, phenolic, melamine formaldehyde, polyacrylate, da dai sauransu A iri-iri na roba hanyoyi za a iya amfani da su shirya copolymerized silicone guduro, amma mafi m masana'antu samar Hanyar ne copolymerization na silicone barasa da kuma Organic guduro. Wato, hydrolysis na methyl chlorosilane da phenyl chlorosilane monomers tare don samun hydrolyzed silicon barasa bayani ko mayar da hankali bayani, sa'an nan kuma ƙara pre hada Organic guduro prepolymer zuwa mai kara kuzari, sa'an nan hadawa co zafi evaporation sauran ƙarfi, ƙara tutiya, zinc naphthenate da sauran masu kara kuzari. da cocondensation dauki a 150-170 digiri zazzabi, har sai da dauki abu ya kai daidai danko ko ƙaddarar lokacin gelation, sanyaya, Ƙara sauran ƙarfi don narke da tace don samun ƙãre samfurin na copolymerized silicone guduro.